• Gap19 AKT activity is also self limiting

  2024-11-25

  

  AKT activity is also self-limiting through its substrate GSK3β; the kinase activity of which is negatively regulated by AKT phosphorylation (Fig. 3; Li, Liu, & Gao, 2009). GSK3β activation results in phosphorylation and subsequent ubiquitin mediated degradation of PHLPP (Li et al., 2009). AKT activa

• A number of studies suggest that adiponectin

  2024-11-25

  

  A number of studies suggest that adiponectin promotes osteoblast differentiation and bone formation by directly targeting GSK-3β and β-Catenin signaling [64], [65], favoring bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) differentiation toward the osteoblastic lineage [66], [67], decreasing sympathetic to

• GMF was later localized to the

  2024-11-25

  

  GMFβ was later localized to the cytosol of primary astrocytes and glioma cell lines [67], prompting investigations into its involvement in intracellular signaling. It was found that PKA phosphorylation of GMFβ inhibits the ERK1/2 branch of the MAP kinase pathway [73], yet activates the stress-respon

• False positivity of Anti AChR Ab

  2024-11-25

  

  False positivity of Anti-AChR Ab titers, due to cross reactivity with bungarotoxin, has previously been demonstrated. One such study reported that patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, who had received long term snake venom therapy, had developed antibodies to bungarotoxin and hence demonstra

• br Funding This work was supported by Arena Pharmaceuticals

  2024-11-23

  

  Funding This work was supported by Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc, San Diego, CA, USA. Introduction 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B (5-HT1B) receptors are widely distributed in the central nervous system (CNS); they have various modulatory functions in drug reinforcement, appetitive behaviors, stress, moo

• Notably our preliminary results confirmed that fluoxetine SS

  2024-11-23

  

  Notably, our preliminary results confirmed that fluoxetine (SSRIs, 5–10 mg/kg) and duloxetine (SNRIs, 5–10 mg/kg) could not enhance memory function in the novel object recognition or step-down passive avoidance tasks (data not shown). In the present study, we also found that vilazodone showed had no

• Introduction Dementia is a common disease in the

  2024-11-23

  

  Introduction Dementia is a common disease in the elderly, and a significant source of disability, healthcare spending, and long-term care admissions. There is evidence to suggest that testosterone plays a role in cognitive functioning, and lower serum levels correlate with higher amyloid deposits (

• Pompe disease is accompanied by the deficiency of the

  2024-11-23

  

  Pompe disease is accompanied by the deficiency of the lysosomal α-1,4-glucosidase that makes the rt pcr master mix unable to hydrolyze glycogen to glucose, thereby resulting in the accumulation of glycogen in lysosomes, especially in skeletal muscles and cardiac tissues. This accumulation results i

• Previously using a P lacZ reporter gene system

  2024-11-23

  

  Previously, using a P-lacZ reporter gene system, it has been shown that the β-galactosidase activity was 9-fold higher in the stationary phase prescission protease when compared with those of the exponential phase [15]. Furthermore, inositol supplementation did not have a major effect on the expres

• Introduction Initially postulated to represent the main

  2024-11-23

  

  Introduction Initially postulated to represent the main source of ATP production in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria are recently recognized to perform manifold essential functions beyond energy production, impacting most areas of cell biology and medicine [1]. Mitochondrial metabolism is both the ba

• br Author contribution br Acknowledgement br Introduction Si

  2024-11-23

  

  Author contribution Acknowledgement Introduction Since the initial finding of Gould et al. [1], showing the loss of dendritic spines in the hippocampus after ovariectomy and its rescue after treatment of the animals with estradiol, a tremendous number of studies have demonstrated a role of

• br COPD As in asthma

  2024-11-23

  

  COPD As in asthma, also in COPD, increased expression of arginase has been reported, and tobacco smoke may increase expression of arginase in human subjects [46, 47]. Increased ADMA levels have also been reported in COPD, and both the increased expression of arginase and ADMA contribute to remode

• Recently two distinct small molecule inhibitors of PHGDH wer

  2024-11-23

  

  Recently, two distinct small-molecule inhibitors of PHGDH were identified using high-throughput screens, both of which inhibit de novo serine biosynthesis and show selective toxicity to cancer Melphalan receptor with high SSP flux [50,51]. The inhibitor NCT-503, which has an IC50 of 2.5μM, reduces

• br Special report Financial and personal

  2024-11-23

  

  Special report – Financial and personal benefits of early diagnosis Acknowledgments The Alzheimer’s Association acknowledges the contributions of Joseph Gaugler, Ph.D., Bryan James, Ph.D., Tricia Johnson, Ph.D., Allison Marin, Ph.D., and Jennifer Weuve, M.P.H., Sc.D., in the preparation of 201

• This evidence suggests the strong

  2024-11-23

  

  This evidence suggests the strong clinical relevance of the identification of acquired resistance mechanisms for a proper therapeutic decision in patients with ALK-rearranged NSCLC. When the tissue is not available, the analysis of circulating tumor DNA (cfDNA) can be a valid alternative for the det

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